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Driving Offroad
The 4-Steps Rule
There are four main knowledge areas which if you have, you
will have an excellent trip.
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Step1: Know
Your Car Rollover Angles
Car Height
4x4 Gear
Tires
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Rollover Angles
Horizontal Rollover Angle (HRA)

The angle labeled as HRA in the picture above is the Horizontal Rollover Angel (HRA).
You need to know the HRA of your car, so that when you are driving on a slope
like a dune, you can, by eye, estimate the average angle of the dunes' area and
draw your path. Most of the cars will survive until 45°. This angle is not
written in most of the manuals, thus, you may need to check it with your car
agency.
Check this video to see
how you may save your car a rollover if you better study your road and know your
car's HRA.
Sometime, the car may slide while within the HRA limit, but because of the
existence of some obstacles in the slide or because of the speed, the car may
rollover as well, as shown in
this video.
Vertical Rollover Angle (VRA)

The concept of a VRA angle, as shown in the picture above, is very similar to
the concept of HRA. You also need to know the VRA of your car. There are slight
differences between both angles:
- The VRA of any car is usually more than the HRA,
where the wheels help keep the car moving instead of rolling over.
- HRA can rollover the car left or right, where VRA may
rollover the car onwards or backwards.
HRA & VRA Fact
If there are obstacles in the place where you are driving it may cause a
rollover. Two examples are below:
- You are driving within the HRA and your car is in a
slope where it's right side is higher than the left side. If you are driving
quite fast and your right tire goes on an obstacle, this will make the right
side jump and suddenly the HRA will increase which may cause a rollover.
- If you are driving down a steep slope quite fast and
you stop the car suddenly, this will cause the sand to gather in front of
the front wheels and make an obstacle; or if you come across a big obstacle,
this may cause the car to rollover onwards. The car may also jump over the
obstacle and at the time the front wheels touch the ground again, the VRA
will be greater than the slope where the front wheels are touching the
ground but not yet the rear wheels. This may also cause a rollover.
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Car Height
The best performing height of
your car is what comes from the manufacturer. Modifying your car will add
advantages to your card but at the same time will add disadvantages.

Why would you
need to lift your car?
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If you always go
offroad on rocky roads, you may need to lift
your car. You need just to lift it to something that prevents your card from
hitting the rocks. This depends on the places you go to.
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If you always go
to desert, then lifting your car is not recommended. Lifting the car will
decrease the rollover angle and it can simply cause a rollover where it
keeps the center of gravity away from the ground.
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If you go both
to rocky and sandy places, then it's advisable to keep your car as it is.
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You also need to
know that lifting your card will negatively affect the car performance on
normal streets and will require more fuel on highways.
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You may need to
lift your car to look good or tough.
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4x4 Gear
You may see 4x4 levers in different shapes in
different car models. These are the terms you need to know for best handling
your car's gear. |
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Option |
Meaning |
Availability |
When to use |
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2H |
2WD, maximum speed |
Not available in full-time-4WD cars |
On road daily driving.
Sometimes off the road if it's rocky |
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4H |
4WD, usual 4WD with high center of gravity. |
In all 4x4 cars like.
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In sand, wadi, water, slippery ground.
Don't drive over 100km/h on this gear.
For full-time-4WD cars, it's used for normal daily driving. |
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4L |
4WD, lower center of gravity. Gives more power to the car |
Most of 4X4 cars |
When you need extra power:
- Towing a car in the desert.
- Getting unstuck
- Avoiding stuck in some muddy or very soft sand.
- going down on a steep slope
Don't drive over 30-40km/h |
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4HL |
In some cars, the 4L is replaced/divided into
two gears: 4HL and 4LL.
Both are considered to be 4L but 4HL has a higher center of gravity
than 4LL |
Some cars |
Same as 4L |
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4LL |
Some cars |
When you need more power than 4HL |
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TiresYou need
to know the following about your car:
- The maximum, optimum and least
pressure you can put in your tires without affecting their performance
- Tire preferred terrain. Ie. 70% onroad
- 30% offroad
- The wider tires you put the more power
you spend to move the car. This means more fuel and more money :)
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